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virology blog

virology blog

About viruses and viral disease

Table of Contents

This Table of Contents goes back to 2010, only because I’ve not done the rest yet.

A

Acute flaccid paralysis

  • Acute flaccid paralysis of unknown etiology in California

ALS

  • Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and viruses

Animals

  • Great ape protection act
  • American Society for Virology

Antibodies

  • Antibodies neutralize viral infectivity inside cells

Archaea viruses

  • An RNA virus that infects Archaea?

Are viruses alive/living?

  • Can a virus be revived?
  • The virus and the virion

Arenavirus

  • A viral mashup in snakes

Autophagy

  • A Nobel for autophagy, and the importance of fundamental research

B

Bacteria

  • A lytic bacterium that behaves like a virus
  • A minimal cell operating system
  • Bacteriophages
  • Phage synergy with the immune system
  • Bacteriophage superspreaders
  • Communication between virus-infected cells
  • A viral nucleus
  • Giving your neighbor the gift of virus susceptibility
  • Eukaryotic genes in a bacteriophage
  • Viruses help form biofilms
  • Viruses might provide mucosal immunity
  • The Hershey-Chase food blender
  • From a food blender to real-time fluorescent imaging
  • Milestones in Microbiology at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
  • Viruses go green
  • Are there viruses of arsenic-utilizing bacteria?

Biofilms

  • Viruses help form biofilms

Bodo saltans virus

  • Bodo saltans virus, an abundant giant aquatic Mimivirus

Bracovirus

  • Wasps do a gain-of-function experiment in caterpillars

BSL-4 laboratory

  • Visiting biosafety level-4 laboratories
  • Unraveling the NEIDL
  • Hemorrhagic fever virus missing from BSL-4 laboratory
  • Threading the NEIDL: TWiV goes inside a BSL-4
  • Behind the scenes: TWiV 200 at the NEIDL

Bunyavirus

  • Heartland virus disease

C

Cafeteria roenbergensis virus

  • Altruistic viruses

Cancer

  • A transmissible cancer of soft-shell clams

Chlorovirus

  • Algal virus associated with altered human cognitive functions

Circovirus

  • Circovirus in Shanghai

Communication

  • Your face matters to science
  • We need celebrity life scientists
  • I have always marched for science
  • Scientists: Engage the public!
  • Ten years of virology blog
  • Viruses on Time
  • Spillover and science communication
  • Behind the scenes: TWiV 202 at the University of Nebraska
  • The dwindling American science majors
  • Live tweeting of the ASV meeting

Coronavirus

  • Fake news and fake science
  • Moving beyond metagenomics to identify the next pandemic virus
  • Bat SARS-like coronavirus: It’s not SARS 2.0!
  • MERS-coronavirus in dromedary camels
  • An epidemic of porcine diarrhea in North America
  • MERS-CoV genome found in dromedary camels
  • Bat SARS-like coronavirus that infects human cells
  • Part of MERS-CoV nucleotide sequence found in a bat
  • Receptor for new coronavirus-EMC identified
  • No further evidence of novel coronavirus
  • A new coronavirus isolated from humans

CRISPR-Cas

  • p53 throws a wrench in the CRISPR/Cas9 gears

D

Dengue virus

  • Antibodies mediate severe dengue in humans
  • A problem with dengue virus vaccine

E

Ebolavirus

  • Ebola virus mutations do not affect pathogenicity
  • Ebolavirus infections but no outbreak
  • Increased infectivity of Ebola virus glycoprotein from West Africa
  • An Ebolavirus vaccine in Africa
  • Long-term effects of Ebolavirus infection
  • Ebolavirus will not become a respiratory pathogen
  • How ZMapp antibodies bind to Ebola virus
  • A promising Ebolavirus antiviral compound
  • Nobel laureates and Ebolavirus quarantine
  • Ebola virus arrives in New York City
  • Ebolavirus vaccines and antivirals
  • Zaire ebolavirus in West Africa
  • What we are not afraid to say about Ebola virus
  • Transmission of Ebola virus
  • Could the Ebola virus epidemic have been prevented?
  • Ebola virus enters the United States
  • Ebola virus arrives in New York City
  • WHO on Ebola virus transmission
  • Treatment of Ebola virus infection with brincidofovir
  • Would we have an Ebola virus vaccine if not for NIH cuts?
  • WHO assessment of experimental Ebola virus vaccines
  • The quarantine period for Ebola virus
  • Can Ebola virus infect via the skin?
  • How Firestone controlled Ebola virus disease in Liberia
  • Could Reston virus be a vaccine for Ebola virus?
  • Is it Ebolavirus or Ebola virus?
  • How lethal is ebolavirus?

Enterovirus

  • An outbreak of enterovirus 68
  • Enterovirus D68 infections in North America

Epidemiology

  • Notifiable diseases in the US for 2011
  • Small fragments of viral nucleic acid cross borders in monkey meat
  • Inside the outbreaks

Evolution

  • Good viruses visiting bad neighborhoods
  • A history of vertebrate RNA viruses
  • From cell proteins to viral capsids
  • A plasmid on the road to becoming a virus
  • Ancient proteins block modern viruses
  • Forget the fourth domain of life
  • TWiEVO: This Week in Evolution
  • Exaptation: A cell enzyme becomes a viral capsid protein
  • Origin of segmented RNA virus genomes
  • Dual virus-receptor duel
  • Nature just is
  • A DNA virus with the capsid of an RNA virus

F

Fairness

  • The gender bias of science faculty

Fish virus

  • Infectious salmon anemia virus spread from Norway to Chile
  • Reovirus infection of farmed salmon

Foot-and-mouth disease virus

  • Transgenic pigs resistant to foot-and-mouth disease

Funding

  • Can the big ship NIH turn at all?
  • Federal funding for science research
  • NIH grant success rate hits all time low
  • NIH head defends new center for translational science
  • American science and the budget crisis

Fusion

  • Did viruses enable sex?

G

Gain of function debate

  • Moving beyond metagenomics to identify the next pandemic virus
  • 1977 H1N1 influenza virus is not relevant to the gain of function debate
  • Scientists for Science
  • Fouchier vs the Dutch government on influenza H5N1 research
  • Virologists plan influenza H7N9 gain of function experiments
  • Proposed US policy on dual use research of concern
  • Harvard University: Great virology, bad science writing
  • The risks and benefits of influenza H5N1 research
  • Headline writes: Please take a virology course
  • End of moratorium on influenza H5n1 research
  • Origin of the H5N1 storm
  • Influenza H5N1 virus versus ferrets, round two
  • Kawaoka paper published on aerosol transmission of H5 influenza virus in ferrets
  • NSABB reverses decision on publication of H5N1 results
  • Influenza H5N1 is not lethal in ferrets after airborne transmission
  • Science might publish H5N1 data
  • Don’t censor influenza research
  • The NSABB speaks on influenza H5N1
  • H5N1 facts, not fear
  • Moratorium on influenza H5N1 transmission research
  • Palese: Don’t censor life-saving science
  • NY Times: H5N1 ferret research should not have been done
  • Avian N5N1 influenza and biosecurity on Science Friday
  • Should we fear avian H5N1 influenza?
  • A bad day for science
  • Ferreting out influenza H5N1

Gene therapy

  • The $475,000 drug

Genome

  • Planaria and mollusks yield the biggest RNA virus genomes
  • Fermentation genes in a giant algal virus
  • Only the ribosome is lacking
  • Animal viruses with separately packaged RNA segments
  • A dancing matrix of viruses
  • Virology question of the week: why a segmented viral genome?
  • Top secret, viruses with RNA genomes!
  • Unexpected endogenous viruses

H

HeLa cells

  • HeLa RNA is everywhere
  • A saga of HeLa cells
  • Henrietta Lacks (HeLa) genome sequence published then withdrawn

Hepatitis A virus

  • Hepatitis A virus infections associated with berry and pomegranate mix
  • Happy as a clam? Maybe not.

Hepatitis B virus

  • A virus and a paradox in a 439 year old mummy
  • Hepatitis B viruses in bats

Hepatitis C virus

  • Combination antiviral therapy for hepatitis C
  • What price antiviral drugs?
  • Treating hepatitis C by blocking a cellular microRNA
  • Did hepatitis C virus originate in horses?
  • Canine hepacivirus, a relative of hepatitis C virus
  • A new target for hepatitis C virus

Herpesvirus

  • Herpesviruses and Alzheimer’s Disease
  • A live-attenuated herpes simplex virus vaccine candidate
  • A herpesvirus associated with female infertility

HIV-1/AIDS

  • CRISPR-ing HIV-1
  • Dugas was not AIDS patient zero
  • A huge host contribution to virus mutation rates
  • Blocking HIV infection with two soluble receptors
  • The Berlin patient
  • HIV gets the zinc finger
  • Antimicrobial peptides induced by herpesvirus enhance HIV-1 infection
  • The AIDS pandemic
  • HIV among US youth
  • Not-so-similar fate of identical twins infected with HIV-1

History

  • Ten seminal virologists
  • Virology at the Deutsches Museum
  • Rich Condit reminisces
  • Prokaryotes considered

Human papillomavirus

  • HPV vaccines do not encourage risky sexual behavior
  • Women AND men beware: HPV, the culprit behind more than just cervical cancers?

I

Incubation period

  • The incubation period of a viral infection

Influenza virus

  • Influenza virus in the eye
  • Defective viral genomes and severe influenza
  • A breath of fresh influenza virus
  • How a toupee compromised influenza vaccine
  • Kermit’s urumi
  • Flu and the Y chromosome
  • Influenza virus in breast milk
  • 1977 H1N1 influenza virus is not relevant to the gain of function debate
  • How influenza virus infection might lead to gastrointestinal symptoms
  • The value of influenza aerosol transmission experiments
  • Reconstruction of 1918-like avian influenza virus stirs concern over gain of function experiments
  • A WORD on the constraints of influenza virus evolution
  • Unusual mortality pattern of 1918 influenza A virus
  • Attenuated influenza vaccine enhances bacterial colonization of mice
  • Yet another avian influenza virus, H10N8, infects humans
  • Cutting through mucus with the influenza virus neuraminidase
  • Changing influenza virus neuraminidase into a receptor binding protein
  • Influenza A viruses in bats
  • The neuraminidase of influenza virus
  • Virus-induced fever might change bacteria from commensal to pathogen
  • Incidence of asymptomatic human influenza A(H5N1) virus infection
  • A single amino acid change switches avian influenza H5N1 and H7N9 viruses to human receptors
  • Inefficient influenza H7N9 virus aerosol transmission among ferrets
  • Influenza H5N1 x H1N1 reassortants: ignore the headlines, it’s good science
  • Human infections with avian influenza H7N9 virus from wet market poultry
  • WHO report on human cases of avian influenza A(H7N9) infection
  • First imported human infection with avian influenza H7N9
  • Avian influenza H7N7 virus outbreak: Lessons for H7N9
  • Avian influenza H7N9 viruses isolated from humans: What do the gene sequences mean?
  • First human infections with avian influenza H7N9 virus
  • Comment on H5N1 lethality in humans
  • Human infections with influenza H5N1 virus: How many?
  • Friday flu shot
  • Friday flu shot
  • Influenza is on the rise
  • More evidence for mild influenza H5N1 infections
  • Evidence for influenza H5N1 infections in humans
  • A $707 million investment in cell-based influenza vaccine
  • How good is the influenza vaccine?
  • David and Goliath: How one cytokine may take down influenza
  • Gut microbes influence defense against influenza
  • H1N1 pandemic is over
  • Secondary changes allow spread of oseltamivir resistant influenza virus

Innate immunity

  • A lot of buzz around STING

J

Journals

  • Scientific jargon and readability: What is your r-index?

K

L

Lassa virus

  • Lassa virus origin and evolution

Leishmaniavirus

  • A virus in a parasite in a human

Lentivirus

  • The mystery of lentivirus infection of lemurs

Lymphocytes

  • Lymphocytes after dark

M

Measles virus

  • Measles in the brain: Fusion gone awry

ME/CFS by David Tuller

  • An Open Letter to the Lancet, Again
  • Trial By Error, Continued: A Few Words About “Harassment”
  • At least we’re not vexatious
  • Trial By Error, Continued: More Nonsense from the Lancet Psychiatry
  • Trial By Error, Continued: Did the PACE Trial Really Prove that Graded Exercise Is Safe?
  • Trial By Error, Continued: Questions for Dr. White and his PACE Colleagues
  • Revisiting the PLoS One economics analysis of PACE
  • A request for data from the PACE trial
  • Trial by error, Continued: PACE Team’s Work for Insurance Companies Is “Not Related” to PACE. Really?
  • An open letter to Dr. Richard Horton and The Lancet
  • Trial By Error, Continued: Why has the PACE Study’s “Sister Trial” been “Disappeared” and Forgotten?
  • Trial By Error, Continued: Did the PACE Study Really Adopt a ‘Strict Criterion’ for Recovery?
  • David Tuller responds to the PACE investigators
  • PACE trial investigators respond to David Tuller
  • TRIAL BY ERROR: The Troubling Case of the PACE Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Study (final installment)
  • TRIAL BY ERROR: The Troubling Case of the PACE Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Study (second installment)
  • TRIAL BY ERROR: The Troubling Case of the PACE Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Study
  • ME/CFS by Vincent Racaniello
  • Intestinal dysbiosis in ME/CFS patients
  • B cell depletion benefits ME/CFS patients

Methods

  • What does transfection mean?
  • Metabolic manipulations in virus-infected cells
  • Virology question of the week: What matters more, multiplicity of infection or virus concentration?
  • Viral bioinformatics: Sequence searcher
  • Viral bioinformatics: Multiple sequence alignment – Base-By-Base (BBB) editor
  • Viral bioinformatics: Multiple sequence alignment – Jalview
  • Viral bioinformatics: Introduction to multiple sequence alignment
  • Detecting viral proteins in infected cells or tissues by immunostaining
  • Viral bioinformatics: Recombination
  • Viral bioinformatics: Dotplot
  • Viral bioinformatics: Introduction + Homology
  • Detection of antigens or antibodies by ELISA
  • Virology toolbox: the western blot

Microbe Art

  • Cross-stitched viruses
  • Viral fiber art
  • Viral necklaces
  • Viral gifts
  • The science-themed art of Deb Sklut
  • Glass microbes
  • Viruses at Artomatic 2012

MicrobeTV

Microbiome

  • Bacteria in our brains

Mosquito

  • Mosquito blood feeding is not a free lunch
  • Mosquito saliva enhances virus replication and disease
  • Sushi protects mosquitoes from lethal virus infections

Mumps virus

  • Mumps in college

Mutation

  • A huge host contribution to virus mutation rates
  • Viral variation in single cells
  • Describing a viral quasispecies

N

Nucleo-cytoplasmic large DNA viruses

  • A different kind of remote control
  • How viruses infect a cell within a cell
  • Do giant viruses have a CRISPR-like immune system or a protein restriction factor?
  • Pithovirus: Bigger than Pandoravirus with a smaller genome
  • Pandoravirus, bigger and unlike anything seen before
  • The largest viral genome from a human
  • Megavirus, the biggest known virus
  • Brent Johnson on virophage
  • Virophages engineer the ecosystem
  • Virophage, the virus eater

O

Obituaries

  • Roger W. Hendrix, 74
  • Neurovirologist Richard T. Johnson, 84
  • Richard Elliott, virologist
  • John Holland, 83
  • Hilary Koprowski, 96
  • Aaron J. Shatkin, 77
  • Renato Dulbecco, 1914-2012
  • Norton Zinder, 1928-2012
  • Steve Jobs, 1955-2011
  • Har Gobind Khorana, master decoder
  • Bernard F. Erlanger, 88
  • Robert A. Weisberg, 1937-2011
  • Baruch S. Blumberg, MD, 1925-2011
  • Edwin D. Kilbourne, MD, 1920-2011
  • Frank Fenner, MD, 1914-2010
  • Robert M. Chanock, MD, 1924-2010

Ocean viruses

  • Viruses under the sea

Oncogenes

  • A new function for oncoproteins of DNA tumor viruses

P

Pathogen discovery

  • De-discovering pathogens: Viral contamination strikes again

Parasites

  • Living on the edge of parasite inevitability

PhD

  • A PhD Lab Coat Ceremony

Plaque assay

  • The purity of plaques
  • The Lazarus virus
  • Are all virus particles infectious?
  • Multiplicity of infection

Plant viruses

  • Non-fatal attraction
  • Tulips broken by viruses
  • The viruses in your food

Poliovirus

  • A test of the poliovirus endgame
  • Papua New Guinea is no longer polio-free
  • Venezuela is still polio-free
  • Three countries endemic for poliovirus
  • Whole plant cells producing viral capsid protein as a poliovirus vaccine candidate
  • From trivalent to bivalent oral poliovirus vaccine
  • The switch from trivalent to bivalent oral poliovirus vaccine: Will it lead to polio?
  • Virologists, start your poliovirus destruction!
  • Why do we still use Sabin poliovirus vaccine?
  • Shedding poliovirus for 28 years
  • A collection of polioviruses
  • The Wall of Polio, version 3.0
  • Blocking virus infection with soluble cell receptors
  • An unexpected benefit of inactivated poliovirus vaccine
  • Implications of finding poliovirus in sewers of Brazil and Israel
  • Poliovirus escapes antibodies
  • Oral polio vaccine-associated paralysis in a child despite previous immunization with inactivated virus
  • Polio-like paralysis in California
  • India has been free of polio for three years
  • World polio day
  • Poliovirus silently (and not so silently) spreads
  • The Wall of Polio
  • Poliovirus on time
  • WHO will switch to type 2 inactivated poliovirus vaccine
  • Vaccine-associated poliomyelitis in Pakistan
  • World polio day
  • Can India remain polio-free?
  • India polio-free for one year
  • Wild poliovirus in China
  • Thirty years of infectious enthusiasm
  • Transgenic mice susceptible to poliovirus
  • Poliomyelitis after a twelve year incubation period

Polymerase

  • A protein platform for priming

Poxvirus

  • A virus with a green thumb
  • Should variola virus, the agent of smallpox, be destroyed?
  • Should smallpox virus be destroyed?

Prions

  • How prions make you sick
  • Prions in bacteria
  • A blood test for prion disease
  • Structure of an infectious prion
  • Is chronic wasting disease a threat to humans?
  • Prion contamination in the emergency room
  • A case of prion disease acquired from contaminated beef
  • Prions in plants
  • Resistance to prion disease in humans
  • Detecting prions by quaking and shaking
  • Infectious agents with no genome
  • A mad cow in America

Q

R

Racaniello, Vincent

  • An inordinate fondness for viruses
  • Thirty-five years later
  • Thirty years in my laboratory at Columbia University
  • Thirty years of infectious enthusiasm
  • Transgenic mice susceptible to poliovirus

Recombination

  • Genome recombination across viral families

Reproducibility

  • Replicability of scientific results

Respiratory syncytial virus

  • Maternal immunization for RSV

Retrovirus

  • Retroviruses turned egg-layers into live-bearers
  • Purging the PERVs
  • Retroviruses R us
  • Retroviral influence on human embryonic development
  • A retrovirus makes chicken eggshells blue
  • Inadvertent transfer of a mammalian retrovirus into birds
  • Spread of koala retrovirus in Australia
  • Museum pelts help date the koala retrovirus
  • Cleaning up after XMRV
  • Authors retract paper on detection of murine leukemia virus-releated sequences in CFS patients
  • Science retracts paper on detection of XMRV in CFS patients
  • Admit when you are wrong
  • Trust science, not scientists
  • Murine gammaretroviruses in prostate cancer cell lines
  • XMRV is a recombinant virus from mice
  • Ian Lipkin on XMRV
  • Ila Singh finds no XMRV in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome
  • Authenticity of XMRV integration sites
  • XMRV infection of Rhesus macaques
  • Derek Lowe on how science gets done
  • Retroviral integration and the XMRV provirus
  • Retroviruses and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
  • XMRV and CFS – It’s not the end
  • Is XMRV a laboratory contaminant?
  • Why John Coffin doesn’t sleep well
  • PMRV joins XMRV as possible etiologic agent of chronic fatigue syndrome
  • XMRV not detected in seminal plasma
  • Publication of XMRV papers should not be blocked
  • FDA and NIH confirm WPI XMRV findings
  • XMRV, prostate cancer, and chronic fatigue syndrome

Reverse transcriptase

  • Unexpected viral DNA in RNA virus-infected cells

Rhabdovirus

  • A new rhabdovirus from a patient with hemorrhagic fever
  • How lethal is rabies virus?

Rhinovirus

  • Rhinoviruses have a sweet tooth
  • Blocking rhinovirus infection by inhibiting a cell enzyme
  • A human rhinovirus in chimpanzees
  • A new cell receptor for rhinovirus

RNA

  • Have a methyl with your viral RNA

Rubella virus

  • Rubella virus and birth defects

Rudivirus

  • Viruses in the extreme

S

Salk, Jonas

  • The 100th birth anniversary of Jonas Salk

Satellites

  • Satellites – the viral kind

Sea star wasting disease virus

  • A virus that melts sea stars

Structure

  • Viral glycoproteins are not always randomly distributed
  • Covering up a naked virus
  • A new type of enveloped virus?
  • Viral size matters

Symbiosis

  • Bodyguard manipulation by a virus
  • A virus that controls reproduction

Synthetic biology

  • A minimal cell operating system

T

Teaching

  • The traditional lecture is not dead. I would know – I’m a professor
  • Twenty-five lectures in virology for 2017
  • Twenty-five lectures in virology
  • Earth’s virology course for 2016
  • Shelves and mentors
  • Principles of Virology, Fourth Edition
  • Virology for planet Earth
  • Twenty-six lectures in virology
  • How to give a great lecture
  • Virology at Coursera
  • Earth’s virology course
  • Roger Ebert on curiosity
  • New media publishing: Whither the textbook?
  • How I record my lectures
  • Virologia en Espanol
  • A virology course for all
  • Be curious
  • This isn’t the petition response you’re looking for
  • Virology lecture: Picornaviruses
  • Virology class at Montana State University
  • Earth’s virology professor
  • My virology course at Columbia University
  • A virology course at Columbia University
  • Social media and microbiology education
  • Microbiology books for kids

Transmission

  • Viruses are falling from the skies
  • The press concludes that arboviruses can be sexually transmitted

Trichomonas vaginalis virus

  • Viruses of protozoan parasites may exacerbate human disease

U

V

Vaccines

  • Paradoxical vaccines
  • Permissive vaccines and viral virulence
  • New Yorkers like their science from scientists
  • Influenza vaccines for individuals with egg allergy
  • Effectiveness of this season’s influenza vaccine
  • Deans write to Obama about CIA vaccine scheme in Pakistan
  • Pandemic influenza vaccine was too late in 2009
  • Thoughts on this season’s influenza vaccine
  • Universal influenza vaccines

Vertical Farm

Vilyuisk encephalitis

  • Is Vilyuisk encephalitis a viral disease?

Viperin

  • A cell protein that synthesizes an antiviral ribonucleotide

Viral Oncotherapy

  • Therapeutic teamwork: Coupling oncolytic viruses with immunotherapy to destroy tumor cells
  • Designer viruses for killing tumor cells

Viroids

  • Viroids, infectious agents that encode no proteins

Virome

  • Humpback whale respiratory virome
  • The viruses in your blood
  • The Arctic fresh water virome
  • Your viral past
  • Viral genomes in 700 year old Caribou scat
  • How many viruses on Earth?

Virus entry

  • Virology question of the week
  • Capturing viruses with bacteria
  • A spike for piercing the cell membrane

Virus resistance

Virus-proof cells?

Virulence

  • Incomplete immunity and the evolution of virulence
  • Permissive vaccines and viral virulence
  • Why do viruses cause disease?

W

X

Y

Yellow fever virus

  • The first human virus discovered

Z

Zika virus

  • A mouse model system for Zika virus infection
  • Zika virus blocks the neuron road
  • Zika virus has always been neurotropic
  • Does prior dengue virus infection exacerbate Zika virus disease?
  • Viral RNA is not infectious virus!
  • Antibodies aid dengue and Zika virus infection
  • Congress fails on Zika virus
  • Zika virus and mosquito eradication
  • The Zika effect
  • Science publishing has a Zika problem
  • Zika virus crosses the placenta and causes microcephaly in mice
  • Antibodies to dengue virus enhance infection by Zika virus
  • Zika virus in Brazilian non-human primates
  • Zika virus, like all other viruses, is mutating
  • Structure of Zika virus
  • Zika virus infection of the nervous system
  • Congenital Zika syndrome
  • Scientists, share your Zika virus reagents!
  • Zika virus
  • Zika from sex, the byway but not the highway
  • Zika virus and microcephaly
  • Zika virus and the fetus
  • Person to person Zika virus transmission

Zoonosis

  • Bats harbor many viral sequences

Primary Sidebar

by Vincent Racaniello

Earth’s virology Professor
Questions? virology@virology.ws

With David Tuller and
Gertrud U. Rey

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Contents

Table of Contents
ME/CFS
Inside a BSL-4
The Wall of Polio
Microbe Art
Interviews With Virologists

Earth’s Virology Course

Virology Live
Columbia U
Virologia en Español
Virology 101
Influenza 101

Podcasts

This Week in Virology
This Week in Microbiology
This Week in Parasitism
This Week in Evolution
Immune
This Week in Neuroscience
All at MicrobeTV

Useful Resources

Lecturio Online Courses
HealthMap
Polio eradication
Promed-Mail
Small Things Considered
ViralZone
Virus Particle Explorer
The Living River
Parasites Without Borders

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