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About viruses and viral disease

protein synthesis

Ribosomal proteins encoded in viral genomes

21 February 2019 by Vincent Racaniello

bacterial ribosomeWhen I first entered the field of virology, in the 1970s, the definition of virus included the then-correct observation that no viral genome encoded any part of the translational apparatus. This dictum was shattered by the discovery of giant viruses which were found to encode tRNAs, aminoacyl tRNA syntheses, and many proteins involved in translation. The phrase ‘only the ribosome is lacking’ was famously used to describe the giant Tupanvirus. While catchy, it is no longer entirely true: viral genomes have been identified that encode ribosomal proteins.

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Filed Under: Basic virology, Information Tagged With: bacteriophage, protein synthesis, purifying selection, ribosomal protein, ribosome, viral, virology, virus, viruses

Virus-proof cells?

3 May 2018 by Vincent Racaniello

I am very skeptical about the pronouncement this week that a group of scientists plan to engineer cells to resist virus infection.

The initiative is called Genome-Project-write (GP-write) and is composed of an international group of collaborators with the broader goal of designing and assembling a synthetic human genome. The first goal of this consortium, reported in Science (“Genome writing project aims to rally scientists around virus-proofing cells”), Time (“Scientists announce plan to create virus-proof cells”) and many other news sources, is to create human cells that cannot be infected with all known viruses.

Could such virus-proof cells be made, and what would they be used for?

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Filed Under: Basic virology, Commentary, Information Tagged With: codon, codon usage, mRNA, protein synthesis, recoding, synthetic biology, synthetic human genome, viral, virology, virus, virus proof cells, virus resistant cells, viruses

Only the ribosome is lacking

8 March 2018 by Vincent Racaniello

tupanvirusIf you know anything about me, you know that I’m mad about viruses. Although this madness extends to everything viral, I have a peculiar fondness for giant viruses. A new giant virus has been found that not only looks different from all the others, but has an amazing set of genes.

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Filed Under: Basic virology, Information Tagged With: aaRS, aminoacyl tRNA synthetase, amoeba, giant virus, mimivirus, protein synthesis, ribosome, tranalstion, Tupanvirus, virology, virus, viruses viral

TWiV 349: One ring to vaccinate them all

9 August 2015 by Vincent Racaniello

On episode #349 of the science show This Week in Virology, Vincent, Alan and Rich explain how to make a functional ribosome with tethered subunits, and review the results of a phase III VSV-vectored Ebolavirus vaccine trial in Guinea.

You can find TWiV #349 at www.microbe.tv/twiv.

Filed Under: This Week in Virology Tagged With: 16S, 23S, ebolavirus, Guinea, mRNA, phase III trial, protein synthesis, ribosome, ring vaccination, tethered ribosome, translation, vaccine, vector, viral, virology, virus, vsv

TWiV 238: Lost in translation

23 June 2013 by Vincent Racaniello

On episode #238 of the science show This Week in Virology, Vincent, Rich and Kathy discuss mechanisms of protein synthesis and regulation in virus-infected cells.

You can find TWiV #238 at www.microbe.tv/twiv.

Filed Under: Basic virology, Information, This Week in Virology Tagged With: amino acid, elongation, initiation, mRNA, polypeptide, protein synthesis, ribosome, termination, translation, viral, virology, virology 101, virus

Virology lecture #8: Translation

23 February 2010 by Vincent Racaniello


Download: .wmv (298 MB) | .mp4 (65 MB)

My apologies for the poor audio in this lecture: I neglected to turn on my lapel mic and the entire session was recorded on the microphone in my laptop – which was across the room.

Visit the virology W3310 home page for a complete list of course resources.

Filed Under: Basic virology, Information Tagged With: lecture, protein synthesis, screencast, translation, videocast, viral, virology, virus

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by Vincent Racaniello

Earth’s virology Professor
Questions? virology@virology.ws

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